![]() In use, npn and pnp transistors each need a power supply of the appropriate polarity, as shown in Figure 3.įIGURE 3. ![]() Basic construction (a) and symbol (b) of pnp transistor. If it uses a p-n-p structure, as in Figure 2(a), it is known as a pnp transistor and uses the symbol in Figure 2(b).įIGURE 2. Basic construction (a) and symbol (b) of npn transistor. If it uses an n-p-n construction sandwich, as in Figure 1(a), it is known as an npn transistor and uses the standard symbol in Figure 1(b).įIGURE 1. The term “bipolar” means that the device is made from semiconductor materials in which conduction relies on both positive and negative (majority and minority) charge carriers.Ī normal transistor is made from a three-layer sandwich of n-type and p-type semiconductor material, with the base or “control” terminal connected to the central layer, and the collector and emitter terminals connected to the outer layers. BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR BASICSĪ bipolar transistor (first invented in 1948) is a three-terminal (base, emitter, and collector), current-amplifying device in which a small input current can control the magnitude of a much larger output current. The remaining seven parts of the series will present a wide range of practical bipolar transistor application circuits. This opening episode concentrates on basic transistor theory, characteristics, and circuit configurations. In its discrete form, it can function as either a digital switch or as a linear amplifier, and is available in many low, medium, and high power forms. Please note that the Minimum Order Value is INR 500 for COD orders.The bipolar transistor is the most important “active” circuit element used in modern electronics, and it forms the basis of most linear and digital ICs and op-amps, etc. Please contact to our support team at for any question related to shipping. For Cash on Delivery orders INR 80 will be charged for orders below INR 599 and INR 30 will be charged for the orders above 599. We ship to all over India with free shipping on all prepaid orders above 500. ![]() Returns are accepted only with 3 days from the date of delivery. ![]() Please read the product specifications and datasheet before selecting and ordering a product. Moreover we don't accept the return, if the ordered product is not fit for any specific application. We don't accept the returns for the products damanged by improper use of the product. If your item looks different from what is shown in the image on our website, we will take the item back and provide a refund or replacement as per your choice. Once our support team accept the return, we will provide a replacement or a complete refund including the return shipping cost. If you receive a product damaged during shipment, please notify us within the 3 days of you receive the product, supported by the proper pictures and description. Below are the conditions where we can accept a return request. Make sure that the maximum current flowing via the Collector pin is 200mA and you should add current limiting resistors to make sure.ĪTmega based project with 2N3906 PNP Transistorĭue to the type of products we sell, we accept limited returns. To use the PNP transistor, you need to connect the base terminal to Ground potential to make the transistor operate in a saturation region, and to make it operate in cut off region, you need to provide voltage to the base pin. Continuous Collector current (IC): 200mA.It can be used in switching high voltage low current applications like inverter and converter circuits, and in Darlington Pair, etc. It has a gain of 110 to 300 but the maximum current that can flow through the collector pin is 200mA but to bias the base-collector junction, you need to provide 5mA current to the base terminal. It is very similar to BC557 PNP transistor but it has a higher collector to emitter voltage. 2N3906 PNP General Purpose Transistor is a PNP transistor, not an NPN transistor, so it will be in saturation when the base is ground potential and it will allow the current to flow but when it provided some voltage, it will stop conducting.
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